Inglês VIP

Say, Speak, Tell e Talk

Os verbos say (dizer), speak (falar), tell ( contar) e talk (conversar) têm sentido semelhante, isto faz com que muitas dúvidas e erros ocorram na hora de aplicá-los.

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SAY (said, said) -(dizer, falar, contar – transmitir informação)

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say something to somebody

say that

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Say é usado:

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1. no discurso direto e indireto:

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She said that it was my last chance.

He said, ‘Good morning.’

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2. Say é mais utilizado sem um pronome pessoal objeto:

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She said that she would be late. (not She said me…)

He said ‘Goodbye’ and went away.

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3. Se quisermos colocar um pronome pessoal objeto após say, usamos “to“:

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And I say to all the people of this great country…

Did you say anything to him about it?

As she entered, she said ‘Hello’ to me.

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Expressões com say:

It goes without saying that…= É óbvio que…

that is to say = ou seja

to say goodbye = dizer adeus

to say a prayer = orar, rezar

Needless to say,… = desnecessário dizer que,…

I’m sorry to say that… = Sinto muito em dizer que…

If I say so myself! = Sou suspeito para falar.

say nothing (speak no words) = não diz nada

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TELL (told, told)- (dizer, falar, contar – transmitir informação)

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tell somebody about something

tell something to somebody

tell someone something

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Tell é usado:

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1. no discurso direto e indireto:

*O verbo tell não é seguido de preposição, mas exige um objeto (direto).

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She told me that she would be late.

He told me about his promotion.

She will tell him about the news.

I need to tell you something.

She told me nothing about herself. (gave me no information)

Can you tell me how to get to the bank?

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2. Utilizado com o sentido de “dar instruções” ou “informar”:

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She told me that it was my last chance.

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3. Tell é usado para dizer a alguém para fazer alguma coisa.(to tell someone to do something):

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Tom’s mother told him to clean his room.

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4. Não utilizamos “it” depois de tell para se referir a um fato:

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‘I’ll tell you tomorrow.’ (not I’ll tell you it tomorrow.)

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5. tell someone again (repeat):

‘I don’t want to tell you again to get your homework done.’

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Expressões com tell:

to tell the truth: dizer/falar a verdade

to tell a lie: dizer/contar uma mentira

to tell a story: contar uma estória

to tell the time = dizer as horas

to tell a secret = contar um segredo

to tell the future = prever o futuro

You can tell she’s American = Dá para notar que ela é americana.

you never can tell = nunca se sabe

I told you (so) = eu lhe disse/avisei

you’re telling me! = isso não é novidade para mim!

What did I tell you? = O que foi que eu te disse?

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TALK (talked, talked) – ( falar, conversar, dialogar)

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talk to/with somebody about something/somebody

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Talk é usado:

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1. para se referir a conversação informal de intercâmbio e de comunicação.

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We talked all night about the old times.

They talked for hours about the problem.

Can I talk to Mr. Pitt, please?

John talked about his new job.

Mary and I were talking about our school days.

She talks too much!

He talks so fast I can’t understand half of what he says.

I’m talking to you!

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Expressões com talk:

to talk business = falar de negócios

to talk sense = falar algo sensato

to talk about (sports, politics…) = falar de (esportes, política…)

to talk behind somebody’s back = falar pelas costas de alguém

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2. Talk também pode ser um substantivo:

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I need to have a talk with him about the changes in the department.

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SPEAK (spoke, spoken) -( falar, conversar – ter habilidade linguística)

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speak a language

speak to/with somebody about

Speak é usado:

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1. É muitas vezes usado para uma comunicação de ida e de intercâmbio em situações mais sérias e formais:

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I’ll have to speak to that boy — he’s getting very lazy.

After she had finished reading the letter, nobody spoke.

I spoke with my friends yesterday about the old times.

He spoke to the class about the problem.

I’d like to speak to Mr.Brown, please.

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2. para se referir ao conhecimento e uso de línguas:

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She speaks three languages fluently.

He speaks English and French.

What language do they speak in Brazil?

People speak Portuguese in Brazil.

She speaks four languages.

Can you speak English?

I can’t speak Italian, but I know a little Spanish.

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Expressões com speak:

to speak the truth: dizer a verdade

to speak for itself: falar por si mesmo

to speak your mind: falar sem rodeios

to speak in public: falar em público

generally speaking: falando em termos gerais

so to speak: por assim dizer