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Inversion – Inversão

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Veja os casos mais importantes:

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1. Inversão em orações interrogativas:

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O verbo (auxiliar) deve sempre vir anteposto ao sujeito em perguntas.
Is she a student of your department?
Have they come yet?
Can they speak Chinese?
Does she play the piano?
Did you meet him?
Why don’t we go out?
Is he coming tonight?
What do you like doing in your free time?
Has he ever been there?
Would you like to be a pop star?
What should I do?
What are you like?

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Look!!

Quando na pergunta,o sujeito é a informação solicitada,não usamos verbo auxiliar.
Perguntas sobre a identidade do sujeito não possuem verbo auxiliar anteposto ao sujeito, pois o sujeito é justamente a informação solicitada:
Which is the most intelligent?
Who broke the window?
What has happened?

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2. Inversão em short affirmations:

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So + verbo auxiliar + sujeito

Neither + verbo auxiliar + sujeito

No more + verbo auxiliar + sujeito
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Statement ————-   Short affirmation
He likes to dance . So do I.
I’ve never been to Japan. Neither has he.
They should read more often.   So should you.
I can’t sing well.    Neither can she.
A says: I have finished my work. à B says: So have I.
He didn’t do his homework. Neither did she.
I am not pleased with his work. No more am I.

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3. Inversão em orações exclamativas:
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Em orações exclamativas, que possuem estruturas de perguntas, a inversão é muito comum:
Am I hungry!
Is she beautiful!
Hasn’t he changed!
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4. Inversão em question tags:

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verbo auxiliar + pronome pessoal ou there.

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They are from Australia, aren’t they?
Shut up, will you?
Let’s go there, shall we?
He is coming tonight, isn’t he?
She hasn’t been there, has she?
There’s a war in Asia, isn’t there?
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5. Inversão com os advérbios here e there:

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Here + verbo + sujeito
There + verbo + sujeito

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NOTE: Não haverá inversão, caso o sujeito seja um pronome (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they):

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Com inversão ———–    Sem inversão
Here comes the man. ——–    Here he comes.
There goes the girl. ———    There she goes.

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6. Inversão em orações condicionais:
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É comum nos condicionais em que se omite a conjunção if, antepondo-se o verbos was, were e had ao sujeito:

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Sem inversão -——-    Com inversão
If I were taller, I would be a basketball player. ——-    Were I taller, I would be a basketball player.
If I had been there, I would have had a good time. ———-    Had I been there, I would have had a good time.
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7. Inversão com palavras e frases negativas:

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Oração iniciada por palavras negativas (never, hardly ever, seldom), restritivas (only, not only, little) ou frases negativas (under no
circumstances, etc) determinam inversão:
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Palavra ou frase negativa / restritiva + verbo auxiliar + sujeito

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Hardly ever do I talk to them.
Never have I been there.
Not only am I smart, but also strong-willed.
Little did she know.